The Wadsworth EEG-based communication system uses EEG signals recorded from the scalp to allow a user to move a cursor on a video screen. No muscle control is necessary. The user's brain activity is recorded from specific locations on the head and translated by an algorithm into cursor movement. This invention, in essence a brain-computer interface, will have important applications in the field of rehabilitation engineering. Current life support technology allows individuals with severe motor disabilities to survive for many years, but they may be essentially locked within their bodies, unable to communicate in any way. EEG-based communication will permit these individuals to use commercially available mouse-driven software. We have already shown that the Wadsworth system can be used to answer questions, drive environmental control devices, and play simple games. Furthermore, beyond its use by the disabled population, this system encompasses a novel technology that could support a variety of important, scientific, industrial, and commercial applications.

The possibility that brain activity recorded from the scalp (i.e., EEG activity) might provide a new communication channel has been the subject of speculation for decades. In recent years, with the development of new understanding of the EEG and the availability of powerful computer technology, EEG-based communication has become a reality with a variety of potential applications. In contrast to the Wadsworth system, other patented devices use either event-related EEG potentials that depend on stereotyped sensory input (e.g., a flashing light) or use an undefined combination of brain and muscle activity. Most important, our system adapts precisely and continually to each user's EEG. This feature, which is the key element in our patent, is unique to our system and is essential to any practical application of EEG-based communication.

With further development, the Wadsworth multichannel EEG-based communication system could have wider commercial applications, beyond the field of rehabilitation engineering. It can provide a valuable additional control channel in settings in which normal muscular control is fully occupied or otherwise insufficient. In addition, it could provide a novel and appealing means for controlling a range of new or existing software programs.